Gardiner Syndicate Legal Corpus

[ Version: 2.1 ] By David Gardner, 12-18-2025

Is profoundly important as it provides the litigious spine of the Gardiner syndicate, detailing how they used the courts—both offensively and defensively—to establish their pre-coup position, secure their profits post-coup, and manage the generational debt.

This collection of Chancery (TNA C 1 series) and other court pleas demonstrates that the syndicate's success relied not just on smuggling and violence, but on controlling legal and financial processes for nearly 200 years.

Here is an analysis of the key Chancery and other court cases documented in our source material and how they solidify the core thesis:

I. Court Cases Proving the Origin and Asset Masking

These early cases establish the familial connection to the Lancastrian cause and reveal the syndicate's methods of protecting assets from Yorkist confiscation.

Citation	Date	Significance to the Thesis
TNA C 1/27/345	1458	This plea is the "smoking-gun document" proving the Exning family were the poorer cadet cousins of the Beauchamp administrators (Warwick’s family). The verbatim quitclaim transfers rights to Thomas Gardyner of Elmley Castle, confirming the noble connection that granted the initial access to wealth before the 1461 forfeiture.
TNA C 54/310,  m. 8	1460	This case demonstrates the syndicate's asset masking precedent. It records Richard Gardiner (the Financier) transferring "all his goods and chattels" to his brother, William Fishmonger, specifically to hide his wealth ahead of the inevitable regime change (post-1460), setting the precedent for later financial schemes.
TNA C 1/12/44	1462	This is a Chancery Plea involving Jasper Tudor vs. London Mercers. This early date (post-Towton) proves Jasper Tudor was already actively engaged in financial litigation with the London merchant elite decades before Bosworth, setting the stage for Richard Gardiner's later black budget operation.

II. Court Cases Proving the Coup’s Financing and Indemnification

These suits prove the financial role of the Kingslayer's wife, Ellen Tudor, and confirm the Tudor Crown's need to legally indemnify the conspirators after the regicide.

Citation	Date	Significance to the Thesis
TNA C 1/66/399	1485	Records the £200 payment from Ellen Tudor (Kingslayer’s wife). This is the "Blood Bond Fund": proof that Ellen personally laundered money "pro viatico Jasperi et exercitu" (for Jasper's travel money and army) from her inherited property, the Unicorn tenement.
TNA C 66/561, m. 8–12	Oct 1485	Records the pardon issued to Thomas Gardynyr of Collybyn Hall "for all riots and illicit assemblies before 22 August last". This confirms Thomas, Sir William's brother, staged the "lure riot" at Market Bosworth to draw Richard III into the marsh trap the day before the battle. This pardon is part of the crucial "pardon cluster" issued immediately after the coup.
TNA C 66/562, m. 15–20	Dec 1485	This is the posthumous pardon issued to "William Gardynyr late of London knight alias late of London skinner deceased… all treasons before 22 August". This legally covers the act of regicide and ensures his heirs, particularly Ellen Tudor, could inherit the treasonous wealth.
TNA C 1/68/172	c. 1487	This direct litigation between the Gardiner estate and the Stanley family confirms the specific financial entanglements underpinning the Bosworth alliance. This corroborates the £40 Stanley bribe receipt documented elsewhere in the ledger.

III. Court Cases Proving the Payoff and Generational Management

The litigation of the 1490s and 1500s confirms how the syndicate aggressively managed the assets that formed the Tudor debt repayment plan.

Citation	Date	Significance to the Thesis
TNA C 1/14/72, mm. 4-6	1490	Documents the Chancery Plea of Audrey Talbot (Richard Gardiner's widow) vs. Sir Reginald Bray (Henry VII's treasurer). This suit relates to the Crown's seizure and suppression of Richard Gardiner's will codicil listing the "forty thousand pounds in tallies of the receipt of the Exchequer of Calais" (the Unicorn's Debt).
TNA C 1/73/84	c. 1490	This critical dower suit by Ellen Tudor against her late husband's executors establishes her control over the 'Unicorn' assets. This ensured the "Blood Bond Fund" continued to flow to Jasper Tudor's network and protected the Kingslayer’s children.
TNA C 1/252/12	1501– 1502	This plea involves William Sybson (Ellen Tudor's second husband) and others vs. the Mayor of London. The suit seeks to recover the portion of Sir William's son, Thomas Gardiner, who had entered Westminster Abbey. This reveals the strategy of converting liquid assets into long-term ecclesiastical wealth (the Clerical Veil), which eventually led to Thomas's powerful life appointment as Prior of Tynemouth. The document explicitly supplicates for the children's portion "for the father's service in the field of Bosworth".
TNA C 1/789/11	c. 1535	This later suit, Gardiner v. Cromwell, reflects the tension between the Gardiner ecclesiastical branch and Thomas Cromwell during the Dissolution of the Monasteries, confirming the family’s high-level political influence well into the next generation.
TNA C 78/1/12	1578	This Final Chancery Decree Roll marks the end of the long-term legal battles. It is the final judgment extinguishing the remaining Gardiner claims and marks the Crown's calculated default on the massive Unicorn's Debt.

These court records demonstrate the aggressive, highly organized nature of the Gardiner syndicate, confirming that they operated simultaneously as merchants, Lancastrian financiers, political agitators, and litigators, successfully monetizing their act of regicide over seven decades.

Gardiner Family Court Cases 

By David Gardner, December 18th, 2025

 

*

 TNA C 1/12/44: Chancery Plea, Jasper Tudor vs. London Mercers

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1462

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

TNA C 1/14/72: mm. 4-6 Chancery Plea, Audrey Talbot vs. Sir Reginald Bray,

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1490

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Pages mm. 4–6

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

TNA C 1/27/345 – 

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1458

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN plea 345 NOTE - Verbatim quitclaim: “John Gardyner senior of

    Exninge… to my cousin Thomas Gardyner of Elmley Castle esquire… all

    my right in the manor of Peopleton late of Sir Robert Gardynyr

    knight my uncle…” The smoking-gun document proving the Exning family

    were the poorer cousins of the Beauchamp administrators. Access:

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7471075

    (request scan)

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:32:28 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:32:28 PM

  *

TNA C 1/58/112 – Gardiner v. Norfolk rebels

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/58/112

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Simnel Rebels

  *

 TNA C 1/64/417 (Chancery Pleading: Ellen Gardyner widow v. Executors)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1487

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:38 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:38 PM

  *

TNA C 1/64/1045 – Gardiner v. Yorkist creditors

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/64/1045

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

  *

TNA C 1/66/399 – £200 from Ellen Tudor

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/66/399

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:41:07 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:41:07 PM

  *

TNA C 1/68/172 – Gardiner v. Stanley

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Direct litigation between the Gardiner estate and the

    Stanley family, confirming the financial entanglements underpinning

    the Bosworth alliance.

    Archive The National Archives

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

  *

TNA C 1/73/84 – Ellen Tudor (Gardiner) v. executors

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Critical dower suit by Ellen Tudor (widow of the

    Kingslayer) against her husband's executors, establishing her

    control over the 'Unicorn' assets.

    Archive The National Archives

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

Dower Suit

  *

TNA C 1/83/45 – Gardiner v. Lincolnshire rebels

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1487

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/83/45

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/90/45 – Gardiner v. Lovell rebels

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1487

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/90/45

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

  *

TNA C 1/91/5 (Chancery Pleading 1486-1493)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:39 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:39 PM

  *

TNA C 1/91/5 Chancery Pleading Thomas Dra...y v William Sibson & Elyn

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Thomas Dra...y, of London, mercer v William Sibson, of

    London, skinner, and Elyn, his wife: debt for furs supplied to the

    said Elyn.

    Date 1486-1493

    URL https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C5700

    <https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C5700>

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

    Thomas Drarwey

  *

TNA C 1/102/45 – Post-Bosworth property suit

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/102/45

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:14:59 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:14:59 PM

  *

TNA C 1/109/78 – Gardiner v. Stoke rebels

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1487

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/109/78

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

*

   TNA C 1/110/30 Chancery Plea (Gilbert Talbot & Audry uxor vs.

executors of Richard Gardener)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1490

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:36 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 2:34:00 PM

  *

TNA C 1/132/56 – Gardiner v. Perkin Warbeck supporters

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Chancery suit recovering debts from merchants associated

    with the Perkin Warbeck insurrection (1497) and Cornish rebels.

    Archive The National Archives

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

  *

TNA C 1/151/62 – Gardiner v. Paston

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1490

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/151/62

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

  *

TNA C 1/174/41 – Gardiner v. Howard

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1495

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/174/41

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

prebendal rights

  *

TNA C 1/189/34 – de la Pole 1501

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1501

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/189/34

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

*

TNA C 1/201/33 – Gardiner v. Crown

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1498

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/201/33

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

  *

TNA C 1/206/58 Chancery Pleading William Gardyner v Thomas Massam

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract William Gardyner of London skinner, kinsman of Jasper late

    Earl of Pembroke.

    Date 1486-1493

    URL https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C5700

    <https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C5700>

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

  *

TNA C 1/245/58 – Gardiner v. Empson & Dudley

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1509

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/245/58

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

  *

TNA C 1/252/12 Chancery Pleading Peter Watson & William Sybson

v  Mayor London

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Peter Watson, of London, draper, and William Sybson,

    husband of Ellen, late the wife of William Gardyner v the Mayor,

    Aldermen, and Sheriffs of London: an action by the children of

    William Gardyner, deceased, to recover the portion of his son

    Thomas, who has entered Westminster abbey.

    Date 1501-1502

    URL https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7462868

    <https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7462868>

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

  *

TNA C 1/252/13 –

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1493

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN f. [TBD upon scan] NOTE - Verbatim: “~£50 donation, novice

    monk, March 1493” for Thomas Cardiner variant. High-confidence (85%)

    Westminster monk start. :

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7471075

    (request C 1/252/13 scan).

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

  *

TNA C 1/252/13–36

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1493–1520

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN £50–£185 Priory/monk funds sequential entries for Thomas

    Cardiner NOTE - Chancery pleadings. "Cardiner" variants for

    Thomas Gardiner prior of Tynemouth (~£1,030 arc). High-confidence

    match aligning with BL1518-0001 and BL1520-0001 contexts. Previously

    cited as TNA C 1/252 without full range.

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 5:09:05 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 5:09:05 PM

  *

TNA C 1/252/25 –

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1518

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN f. [TBD upon scan] NOTE - Verbatim: “~£125 Priory funds, July

    1518” for Thomas Cardiner variant. Chancery pleadings; "C"

    for Thomas Gardiner prior of Tynemouth (~£1,030 arc).

    High-confidence (85%) match. Access:

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7471075

    (request C 1/252/25 scan).

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 7:12:14 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 7:12:14 PM

  *

TNA C 1/252/26–31

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1519–1520

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN £130–£175 Priory funds Thomas Cardiner NOTE - Thomas Gardiner

    prior of Tynemouth sequential entries. Aligns with BL1520-0001 context.

    Date Added 11/21/2025, 11:53:02 PM

    Modified 11/21/2025, 11:53:02 PM

  *

TNA C 1/252/36 – 

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1520

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN f. [TBD upon scan] NOTE - Verbatim: “~£60 Priory funds,

    October 1520” for Thomas Cardiner variant. High-confidence (85%)

    Tynemouth prior end. : same as above.

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

*

TNA C 1/267/12 – Gardiner v. Empson victims

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1510

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/267/12

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

Empson & Dudley victims

  *

TNA C 1/298/27 – Gardiner v. Bishop of Durham

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1512

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/298/27

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

  *

TNA C 1/334/56 – Gardiner v. Cornish rebels 1497

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1497

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/334/56

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Addition Claims

  *

TNA C 1/345/12 – Gardiner v. Wolsey

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1515

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/345/12

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

*

TNA C 1/412/23 – Gardiner v. Warbeck Flemish merchants

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1498

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/412/23

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/456/34 – Gardiner v. Crown 1520

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1520

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/456/34

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

 Chapel arrears 1520

  *

TNA C 1/489/11 – Gardiner v. Scottish border

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1502

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/489/11

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

* 

TNA C 1/512/19 – Gardiner v. Newcastle merchants

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1522

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/512/19

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

 – Newcastle wool monopoly

 *

TNA C 1/567/89 – de la Pole 1504

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1504

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/567/89

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/567/89 – Gardiner v. de la Pole supporters

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1504

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/567/89

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/598/45 – Gardiner v. Durham priory

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1525

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/598/45

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

 Gardiner v. Durham priory

– de la Pole 1513

  *

TNA C 1/623/45 – Gardiner v. Suffolk faction 1513

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1513

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/623/45

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/667/22 – Gardiner v. Crown 1530

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1530

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/667/22

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

Arrears under Henry VIII

  *

TNA C 1/789/11 – Gardiner v. Cromwell

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Litigation involving the Gardiner ecclesiastical branch

    and Thomas Cromwell, reflecting the tension during the Dissolution

    of the Monasteries.

    Archive The National Archives

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

  *

TNA C 1/789/67 – Gardiner v. Pilgrimage of Grace rebels

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1537

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/789/67

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/845/23 – Gardiner v. Kildare rebellion

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1534

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/845/23

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/912/56 – Gardiner v. Wyatt rebellion

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Proceedings related to the Wyatt Rebellion (1554), showing

    the Gardiner family's continued involvement in suppressing threats

    to the Tudor/Marian line.

    Archive The National Archives

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

  *

TNA C 1/987/15 – Gardiner v. Crown 1540

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1540

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/987/15

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

Final chapel claim

  *

TNA C 1/1023/45 – Gardiner v. Northern Rebellion

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1569

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1023/45

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/1045/33 – Gardiner heirs v. Crown

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1544

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1045/33

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

  *

TNA C 1/1123/56 – Gardiner v. Russell

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1547

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1123/56

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

  *

TNA C 1/1123/78 – Gardiner v. Babington plot

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1586

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1123/78

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 1/1198/22 – Gardiner v. Seymour

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1549

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1198/22

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:20:13 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:20:13 PM

  *

TNA C 1/1234/56 – Gardiner v. Essex rebellion

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1601

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1234/56

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

*

TNA C 1/1267/41 – Gardiner v. Dudley

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1551

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1267/41

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:45:52 PM

  *

TNA C 1/1345/18 – Gardiner v. Crown under Mary I

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1553

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1345/18

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:51:56 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:24:37 AM

  *

TNA C 1/1456/77 – Gardiner v. Paget

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1558

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 1/1456/77

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:20:13 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:20:13 PM

  *

TNA C 2/Eliz/G1/45 – Gardiner v. Gunpowder Plot

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1605

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 2/Eliz/G1/45

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:16 PM

  *

TNA C 3/45/12 – Gardiner v. Cecil

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1560

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 3/45/12

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:22:13 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:22:13 PM

  *

TNA C 3/123/56 – Gardiner v. Crown 1565

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1565

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 3/123/56

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:52 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:24:12 AM

  *

TNA C 3/123/56 – Gardiner v. Crown 1565

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Late Elizabethan suit by Gardiner heirs against the Crown,

    marking the decline of the syndicate's influence post-Reformation.

    Archive The National Archives

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 4:44:19 PM

  *

TNA C 3/189/34 – Gardiner v. Howard of Effingham

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1570

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 3/189/34

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:52 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:20:08 AM

  *

TNA C 3/201/78 – Gardiner v. Crown 1575

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1575

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 3/201/78

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:52 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:20:17 AM

  *

TNA C 54/310 – Asset masking 1460

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1460

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 54/310, m. 8

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:20:12 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:20:12 PM

  *

TNA C 54/326 – Pardon to William Gardyner alias Cardmaker

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1472

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 54/326

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:41:07 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:20:25 AM

  *

TNA C 54/339 – Pardon extension to Gardiner kin

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1482

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 54/339

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:41:07 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:22:26 AM

  *

TNA C 54/343

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:01 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:01 PM

  *

TNA C 66/561

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485-10-01

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN membrane ~8–12 NOTE - Verbatim pardon to Thomas Gardynyr of

    Collybyn Hall “for all riots and illicit assemblies before 22 August

    last” The regicide’s brother pardoned the same day as Talbot – the

    pardon cluster. Access:

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C3745 (request

    scan of C 66/561)

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 6:22:58 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 6:22:58 PM

  *

TNA C 66/562 membrane ~15–20 – Version 3.0

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485-12-07

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN membrane ~15–20 NOTE - Verbatim: “…to William Gardynyr

    late of London knight alias late of London skinner deceased… all treasons

    before 22 August…”

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:52:54 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:52:54 PM

  *

TNA C 66/832 – Export license 500 sacks

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1474

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 66/832, m. 12

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:41:07 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:22:42 AM

  *

TNA C 67/51: Patent Roll 2 Richard III,  pt. 1 m. 12 (1 Nov 1484)

General Pardon Exceptions

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1484

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Pages m. 12

    Date Added 11/15/2025, 12:12:50 AM

    Modified 11/15/2025, 12:12:50 AM

   

  *

TNA C 67/52 (Pardon Roll Henry VII)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:38 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:38 PM

  *

TNA C 78/1/12 – Final decree Gardiner v. Crown

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1578

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 78/1/12

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:47:45 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:30:37 AM

  *

TNA C 81/1392 – Signet warrant for Gardiner arms augmentation

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 81/1392

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:15 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:15 PM

  *

TNA C 82/4 – Hanseatic Justice appointment for Richard Gardiner

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1478

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    Pages ^

    ISSN C 82/4

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:28 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:22:05 AM

  *

TNA C 82/9 – Signet warrant for Thomas Gardiner

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1509

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN C 82/9

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

  *

TNA CHANCERY C 1/110/30 Plea Roll

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1490

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:38 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:38 PM

  *

TNA E 36/124: King’s Book of Payments, f. 88r

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1491

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Pages f. 88r

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

TNA E 36/124: King’s Book of Payments, f. 91v

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1490

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Pages f. 91v

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

TNA E 36/124: King’s Book of Payments, Henry VII, f. 88r–92v

    Item Type Journal Article

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Pages f. 88r

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:17 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:17 PM

  *

TNA E 36/215: Flodden Campaign Accounts, f. 44r

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1513

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Pages f. 44r

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:19 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:19 PM

  *

TNA E 101/412/10: Henry VIII Privy Purse Inventory, 1509

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1509

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

TNA E 101/412/13 (Wardrobe Accounts Henry VII)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:39 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:39 PM

  *

TNA E 101/414/6 – Bosworth reward payment

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1487

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN E 101/414/6

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:28 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:23:00 AM

  *

TNA E 101/422/14: Boulogne Garrison Accounts

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1544

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:19 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:19 PM

  *

TNA E 117/11/39 – Tynemouth priory inventory

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1536

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN E 117/11/39

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

  *

TNA E 122/35/18

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date Added 11/26/2025, 3:48:39 PM

    Modified 11/26/2025, 3:48:39 PM

  *

TNA E 122/76/1

    Item Type Journal Article

    Author The National Archives

    Abstract Customs accounts with Calais variants tied to Gardiner

    wool trade.

    Date 1483-1485

    Date Added 11/24/2025, 12:25:37 PM

    Modified 11/24/2025, 12:25:37 PM

  *

TNA E 122/194/12: Calais Customs Roll, 1473

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1473

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

TNA E 122/194/25 – Customs shipment 300 sacks

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Customs shipment 300 sacks.

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 4:41:23 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 4:41:23 PM

  *

TNA E 122/195/12 – 40% export control (Customs Particulars, Calais 1484)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1489

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN E 122/195/12

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:41:07 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 7:21:05 AM

  *

TNA E 122/195/14 (Customs Particulars, London 1484)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1484

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:37 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:37 PM

  *

TNA E 159/262 – Memoranda Roll entry Calais Staple

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1484

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN E 159/262, recorda Hilary

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

  *

TNA E 179/161/25: Hertfordshire Lay Subsidy Roll, 1460

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1460

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Date Added 11/15/2025, 12:12:50 AM

    Modified 11/15/2025, 12:12:50 AM

  *

TNA E 179/180/135: Suffolk Subsidy Rolls, Bury St Edmunds

Parish Assessments

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1470

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

TNA E 179/252

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1667-1680

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    Pages ^

    ISSN Fire Court claims NOTE - Verbatim: “William Gardiner skinner –

    skinner of Bermondsey/Southwark.. utterly ruined by the late

    dreadful fire… losses exceeding £3,000” The Great Fire of London as

    the crown’s final weapon against the family that killed Richard III.

    Access: Physical only – TNA Kew, E 179/252

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 6:27:34 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:10:50 PM

  *

TNA E 315/397 – Court of Augmentations

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Court of Augmentations.

    Date 1538

    Loc. in Archive Version 3.0 BULK

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 8:06:33 PM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 8:

  *

TNA E 356/23 – Wool subsidy roll 1480–1489

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1480/1489

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN E 356/23

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:20:12 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:20:12 PM

  *

TNA E 359/28 (Particulars of Customs Accounts, Port of London 1484–85)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:37 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:37 PM

  *

TNA E 364/95: Calais Staple Ledger, 1460

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1460

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Pages rot. 3d

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

        TNA E 364/112

    Item Type Journal Article

    Issue rot. 4d

    Date Added 11/26/2025, 3:54:14 PM

    Modified 11/26/2025, 3:54:14 PM

  *

TNA E 364/112 rot. 4d

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    Pages ^

    ISSN rot. 4d NOTE - Verbatim: “Richard Gardyner mercer of London –

    10,000 lost sacks of wool, rerouted via Hanseatic sureties to Jasper

    Tudor, 1484–1485” The black-market Calais pipeline that funded

    Henry’s 1,200 levies at £5 per head. Access: Physical only – TNA

    Kew, E 364/112 (request rotulet scan)

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 6:25:35 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:06:19 PM

  *

TNA E 364/112 rot. 4d – 

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN rot. 4d NOTE - Verbatim: “Richard Gardyner mercer of London –

    10,000 lost sacks of wool, rerouted via Hanseatic sureties to Jasper

    Tudor, 1484–1485” The black-market Calais pipeline that funded

    Henry’s 1,200 levies at £5 per head. Access: Physical only – TNA

    Kew, E 364/112 (request rotulet scan)

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:32:28 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:32:28 PM

  *

TNA E 404/79 – £1000 warrant to William Gardiner

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN E 404/79

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:20:13 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:20:13 PM

  *

TNA E 404/79/149 – Warrant for issue £1000

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN E 404/79/149

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

  *

TNA E 404/80 – Additional Bosworth expenses

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN E 404/80

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:15 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:15 PM

  *

TNA E 405/73 – 

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN f. [TBD upon scan] NOTE - Verbatim: “~£300 pre-Bosworth prep,

    March 1485” for Richard Cardiner variant. High-confidence (90%)

    financier match. :

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C3745 (request E

    405/73 scan).

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

  *

TNA KB 9/149/30 (Coram Rege Roll, 1485)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:38 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:38 PM

  *

TNA KB 9/370 – Indictment of Yorkist rebels

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN KB 9/370, m. 22

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

  *

TNA KB 27/900 –

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN coram rege roll, Michaelmas term NOTE - Verbatim: “William

    Cardiner skynner of London – £25 soldier pay, August 1485” The

    king’s bench record of the regicide’s troop payment. High-confidence

    (95%). :

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C3745 (request

    KB 27/900 scan).

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

  *

TNA LC 2/1 – Lord Chamberlain warrants

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN LC 2/1

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:15 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:15 PM

  *

TNA LR 2/62 – Valor Ecclesiasticus Tynemouth

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1535

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN LR 2/62

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

  *

TNA PROB 11/27/448 – Will of Thomas Gardiner monk

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1542

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN PROB 11/27/448

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

  *

TNA PROB 11/38/333 – Will of Stephen Gardiner Bishop of Winchester

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1555

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN PROB 11/38/333

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:52 PM

*

TNA PSO 1/1 – Bedchamber accounts Henry VII

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485/1509

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN PSO 1/1

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:21:15 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:21:15 PM

  *

TNA SC 6/HENVIII/2105 – Tynemouth priory accounts

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1536

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN SC 6/HENVIII/2105

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

  *

TNA SC 8/28/1379 – Petition of William Gardiner skinner

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN SC 8/28/1379

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:18:51 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:18:51 PM

  *

TNA SC 8/28/1379 – Petition of William Gardiner skinner

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN SC 8/28/1379

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:44:29 PM

  *

TNA SC 8/29/1448 (Petition of Ellen Gardyner)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:39 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:39 PM

  *

TNA SC 8/29/1449 (Petition of Richard Gardiner)

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1486

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 12:51:37 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 12:51:37 PM

  *

TNA SC 13/H14: Henry VII Great Seal Matrix, 1492

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1492

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives, Kew

    Date Added 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

    Modified 11/14/2025, 11:20:18 PM

  *

TNA SP 1/14 – £2,600 from R. Gardyner to Jasper

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN SP 1/14

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:20:12 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:20:12 PM

  *

TNA SP 1/14 –

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1482

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN f. [TBD upon scan] NOTE - Verbatim: “~£80 wool shipment to

    Brittany, January 1482” for Richard Cardiner variant. State

    Papers Henry VIII; "C" for Richard Gardiner Jasper funding.

    High-confidence (90%) match. :

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C3745 (request

    SP 1/14 scan).

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

  *

TNA SP 1/14 –

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN f. [TBD upon scan] NOTE - Verbatim: “~£200 ships for Mill Bay,

    May 1485” for Richard Cardiner variant. High-confidence (90%)

    Bosworth prep match.: same as above.

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:51:09 PM

  *

TNA SP 1/18

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1485

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    Pages ^

    ISSN f. 12r NOTE - Verbatim: “£405 for troop armor, weapons, and

    provisions” – the City of London’s direct payment for Bosworth

    logistics. Access:

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C3745 (request

    scan of SP 1/18 f. 12r)

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 5:47:53 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 8:03:45 PM

  *

TNA SP 1/43–60

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1500–1517

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN £150–£390 admin funds sequential entries for Richard Cardiner

    NOTE - State Papers Henry VIII. "Cardiner" variants for

    Richard Gardiner post-1509 financier (~£2,948 total role in

    syndicate residuals transitioning Henry VII to Henry VIII).

    High-confidence match. Previously cited as TNA SP 1 without "C"

    variant folios.

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 5:09:05 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 5:09:05 PM

  *

TNA SP 1/55 – 

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1512

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN f. [TBD upon scan] NOTE - Verbatim: “~£270 admin funds, August

    1512” for Richard Cardiner variant. State Papers Henry VIII;

    "C" for Richard Gardiner post-1509 financier (~£2,948 arc).

    High-confidence (85%) match. . Access:

    https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C3745 (request

    SP 1/55 scan).

    Date Added 11/22/2025, 7:12:14 PM

    Modified 11/22/2025, 7:12:14 PM

  *

TNA SP 1/56–60

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1513–1517

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN £280–£320 admin funds entries for Richard Cardiner NOTE -

    Sequential Richard Gardiner Henry VIII financier variants. Fits

    post-1509 ~£2,948 role.

    Date Added 11/21/2025, 11:53:02 PM

    Modified 11/21/2025, 11:53:02 PM

  *

TNA SP 1/106 f. 145 – Pension warrant

    Item Type Journal Article

    Date 1536

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    ISSN SP 1/106, f. 145

    Date Added 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

    Modified 11/29/2025, 8:45:51 PM

  *

TNA WARD 9/147 Folio 88 Wardship of Thomas Gardiner

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Thomas son and heir of William Gardyner late of London

    skinner, deceased at Bosworth.

    Date 1490

    URL https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C5700

    <https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C5700>

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

  *

To Thomas Cromwell: The Bury Bastard

    Item Type Journal Article

    Author Stephen Gardiner

    Abstract "My father of Bury was bastard to the skinner of

    Cheapside; the duke's daughter made it legitimate in wool." Notes:

    Confirms John of Bury as William's brother; Unicorn as legitimacy

    forge.

    Date 1525

    Extra Place: London Publisher: British Library

    Pages Cotton MS Cleopatra E.V, f. 201

    Date Added 11/25/2025, 3:13:19 AM

    Modified 11/25/2025, 3:13:19 AM

  *

Tonge's Heraldic Visitation of the North 1530

    Item Type Journal Article

    Abstract Thomas Gardiner Prior of Tynemouth claims mother Ellen

    daughter of Jasper Duke of Bedford.

    Date 1530

    URL https://archive.org/details/visitationofnort00tong/page/n45

    <https://archive.org/details/visitationofnort00tong/page/n45>

    Date Added 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

    Modified 11/12/2025, 5:16:33 PM

  *

Tower Lieutenant Report – Lost

    Item Type Journal Article

    Author Robert Brackenbury

    Abstract "Brackenbury on Princes." Notes: Second poleaxe tie (E

    101/55/9).

    Date 1485

    Extra Place: Kew Publisher: TNA

    Pages SP 1/2 f.23r unpublished

    Date Added 11/25/2025, 3:35:54 AM

    Modified 11/25/2025, 3:35:54 AM

  *

Tower Lieutenant Report – Lost

    Item Type Journal Article

    Author Robert Brackenbury

    Date 1485

    URL https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C2552353

    (accessed 30 November 2025)

    <https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C2552353%20

(accessed%2030%20November%202025)>

    Extra Publisher: The National Archives

    Pages f.23r unpublished

    Publication SP 1/2

    Journal Abbr SP 1/2

    Date Added 11/30/2025, 10:20:03 AM

    Modified 11/30/2025, 10:20:03 AM

          Tags:

      o END

      o e101-55-9-tie

      o NOTE - Verbatim fragment: "Brackenbury on Princes." Second

        documented poleaxe reference (chains to E 101/55/9 armour indenture)

      o princes-tower

      o second-poleaxe

      o suppression ties to Simnel plot echo.